Newborns and infants (0-12 months)

Pēpi (babies) have low levels of vitamin K in their bodies at birth. Without vitamin K, pēpi are at risk of getting a rare bleeding disorder. A single vitamin K injection at birth is the most effective way of preventing this.

Nappy rash is very common in pēpi (babies). The main cause of nappy rash is wearing a wet or dirty nappy for too long. Keep your baby's skin clean and dry.

Crying is your baby's way of communicating. Pēpi (babies) often need a lot of calming, soothing and holding when they are upset.